Early detection is best preventive measure for women

Early detection plays a key role in the improved long-term survival and overall well-being of women with breast cancer. Detection of breast cancer at an early stage is best and most effectively accomplished through yearly screening mammograms starting at age 40. In addition to yearly screening mammograms, the American Cancer Society recommends that women age 40 and over have a clinical breast exam performed by a trained professional every year. Women should also practice monthly breast self-examination. Women who practice breast self-examination learn the normal look and feel of their breasts and can readily note any changes.

There are two types of mammograms: screening and diagnostic. A screening mammogram is used to look for breast disease in women with no signs or symptoms. A diagnostic mammogram

is used to examine the breast when there is a problem such as a mass in the breast, an unusual discharge from the nipple, or an abnormality found on a screening mammogram. According to the American Cancer Society, the evidence supporting mammograms is even stronger today than in the past. Breast cancer survival rates have increased, and the number of deaths has been declining, thanks to a number of factors such as earlier detection.

The goal of screening exams, such as mammograms, is to find cancers before they start to cause symptoms. “Breast cancers that are found because they can be felt tend to be larger and are more likely to have already spread beyond the breast,” explains Ava Beaudoin, DO, Board Certified Radiologist, specialist in Breast Imaging and a member of the Houston Healthcare Medical Staff. “In contrast, breast cancers found during screening exams are more likely to be small and still confined to the breast. The size of a breast cancer and how far it has spread are important factors in predicting the prognosis (outlook) for a woman with this disease.”

Dr. Beaudoin also states that nearly one third of women in the United States today are not receiving their regular recommended screening due to lack of access, education or awareness. It is vital that women talk to their physician and inquire about available mammography services in their community.

Early signs of breast cancer include:

• A lump, which is usually single, firm, and most often painless.

• A portion of the skin on the breast or underarm swells and has an unusual appearance.

• Veins on the skin surface become more prominent on one breast.

• The breast nipple becomes inverted, develops a rash, changes in skin texture, or has a discharge other than breast milk.

• A depression is found in an area of the breast surface.

An early breast cancer detection plan

should include:

• Clinical breast examinations at least every three years from ages 20 to 39, then every year thereafter.

• Monthly breast self-examinations beginning at age 20 looking for any changes in the breast.

• Baseline mammogram by the age of 40.

• Mammogram every year for women age 40 and older. Women should continue to have yearly mammograms for as long as they are in good health.

• A personal calendar to record self-exams, mammograms and doctor appointments.

• A low-fat diet, regular exercise, and no smoking or drinking.

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